Oil burner



Patented Jan. 26, 1926.

UNITED STATES ELIAS RIZK, OF-SIOUX CITY, IOWA.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed October 27, 1924. Serial No. 746,122.

To all whom t may concern.' n

Be it known that I, ELIAS RIZK, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Sioux City, in the county of lVoodbui-y and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to oil burners of the type in which a downwardly-curved air flue directs a current of air upon a bowl, in the middle of which fuel oil is fed upwardly to be burned in the draft of air.

It is my purpose to provide such a burner of the simplest and cheapest construction, the various parts of which may be readily disassembled for cleaning or repair.

An object of my invention is to provide in a burner as mentioned, an overflow pipe communicating with the bowl and a hood formed on the bowl covering the upper end of the pipe in such a manner as to prevent the entrance of foreign material into the overflow pipe, while allowing the oil to flow thereinto.

Another obj ect is to provide such a burner in which the air flue is formed as a removable arch, having two intake portions, the ends of which are adapted to register with air orifices in the bowl, each orifice being partly surrounded by flanges adapted to retain the ends of the fine in properposition and yet to allow expansion of the parts under the influence of heat, and to preserve a tight joint between the ends of the flue and the bowl.

More particularly, referring to thefore` going object, my invention contemplates the providing of opposed triangular shaped orifices, bordered each on two sides by outwardly diverging flanges, the flanges being unconnected except at the opposed apeXes of the triangular shaped orifices, and the ends of the flue being formed with widened edges to contact with the bowl at the extreme sides of the orifices.

Another object is to provide an annular channel surrounding the oil discharge opening in the bowl adapted to receive a wicking of refractory material for facilitating starting of the burner.

A still further object is to provide an oil burner having a maximum capacity for receiving air, and so constructed as to be readily insertible in a furnace. Y

TWith these and other objects in view, my

- invention consists in the construction, ar-

rangement and combination of the various parts of my device, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a perspective view of my improved oil burner.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, portions being broken away to better illustrate the construction thereof. l

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of 2.

Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view of the in operation, .but I believe that those typesembodying this principle are the most efficient and the least troublesome.

' My invention contemplates various improvements in such types of oil burners em# bodied in a burner which will give a very hot flame, will afford complete combustion and which is especially designed so vas to eliminate difiiculties found with many burners, such as the cracking of parts subjected.

toheat, the expansion of joints so as to expose leaks in the air conducting members, and the clogging of passages by soot, cinders or foreign material.

Such a burner is shown in Fig. 1, in which the reference numeral, A, is used to indicate generally an air chamber base formed of two symmetrical halves, 10, each having a depressed shoulder, 11, adapted to fit within the edges of an adjacent half in order that the halves may be connected together. Machine screws may be used for this purpose. The completed base, A, is of such size that it could not be inserted through the ordinary lire pot door of ya furnace. The burner is therefore assembled after being inserted within the furnace.

y The completedbase, A, takes the form o-f a cylinder, open at the bottom, having the sides, 10, and the horizontal annular flange, 10b, at the upper edge thereof.

, A bowl, 1.3 having an annular horizontal flange, 14, is supported by the base, A, and is fastened thereto by means of bolts, 15. Formed in the bowl, 13, are the triangular shaped orifices, 16, bordered by the upwardly-extending diverging walls, 17. rPhe upper edges of the walls, 17, are cut away tor form the shoulders, 18, and the flanges, 19. rlhe remote shoulders, 18, are not bordered by flanges, as illustrated.

The air flue or arch, C, comprises the two downwardly-curved elbows, 20, which merge together to form the central downwardlyopening discharge mouth, 21. The inner surfacesof the upper walls of the elbows, 20, are prolonged downward at their juncture to form a tongue, 20a, triangular-shaped in cross section. This aids in the smooth uniting ofthe two air columns as they come together, and facilitates the draft. The lower ends of the intake portions, 20, are triangular in shape to register with the triangular oriiices, 1G, and the lower edges thereof are machined flat to form a tight union with' the shoulders, 18. The remote edges are widened, as at 22, to form flanges, the purpose of which will hereinafter be described.

The burner is supplied with oil from an oil tube, 23, threaded into the bowl, 18, at the center thereof and surrounded at its upper end by the annular terraced rings, 24, which form oil-retaining depressions. The rings, 24, are cast integral with the bowl, 13. Concentric with the rings, 24, and spaced therefrom, is a wick-retaining ring, 25. Refractory wicking material, 26, is applied between the outer ring, 24, and the ring, 25, which, when saturated with oil, serves to aid in the combustion of the oil when the burner is started.

The air chamber base, A, is adapted to rest on the grates of a furnace or boiler, and to be surrounded by refractory packing material for excluding the passage of air through the grates except where it may enter the air chamber base, A. rlhis is of the ordinary construction, and is not illustrated on the drawings.

Vhen the burner is started a draft of air will be created, as indicated by the arrows, 27. The bowl, 13, will become heated and the oil vaporized as it is allowed to trickle down over the terraced rings, 24. The draft of air from the air flue or arch, C, will, together with the vaporized oil, produce a flame starting from the center of the bowl and spreading outwardly and upwardly on either side ofthe arch, C. The force of the draft becomes considerable after the burner has been well started, and particles of soot, cinders, etc. will be carried in the path of the flame along the sides of the bowl.

An overflow pipe must be provided for oil. This overflow pipe is shown at 28, and is threaded into a boss, 29, formed on the bowl, 13. In order that the foreign material carried in the path of the flame may not be blowninto the mouth of this oil discharge pipe, l provide the hood, 80, formed integral with the bowl at its ends, and with the walls, 17, at its side edges. The opening in the boss, 29, occurs underneath this hood, 30, being spaced considerably back of the mouth thereof as shown in Fig. 4. The inner wall of the hood is slanted somewhat from the vertical, as shown, in order to deflect upwardly the draft of air.

lt will be seen that the mouth of the hood, 30, opens in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the draft from the burner so that none of the foreign material will be blown thereinto. At the same time the oil will be allowed to run into the mouth when the level has reached a certain height.

The advantages of the arch construction are several. rhe outwardly diverging flanges, 19, serve to accurately position the air flue in place over the bowl. Expansion of the inner apexes of the ends, 20, of the flue, C, toward each other will serve to fit the ends of the line more tightly against the flanges, 19. At the same time a certain resiliency inherent in the construction of the flue in the arch shape shown will prevent such inward expansion, causing any of the parts to crack, assuming that such inward expansion should be greater than the inward expansion of the walls, 17, toward each other. Moreover, expansion ofthe remote edges of the portions, 20, if such expansion is not at the same rate as the expansion of the registering portions of the bowl, 18, will allow the widened flanges, 22, to slide on the shoulders, 18. Such widened flanges prevent the expansion of the parts to a pointwhere the edges of the portions, 20, will no longer register with the shoulders, 18a.

By allowing the free expansion of the parts relative to each other, the formation of cracks in any of the castings is thereby largely prevented.

In order to render the engagement ofthe bowl, 18, with the base, 10, as air tight as possible, I have provi-ded the annular ribs,

8, formed on the flange, 10b, adjoining the inner edge thereof, and extending substantially between the orifices, 16. The under edge of thek periphery of the bowl, 18, is channelled out to receive the ribs, 18a, and stove cement or asbestos, 13b, is introduced between the periphery of the bowl and the engaging portions of the base, so as to effectively seal them together and render them unitary ini structure.

Bolt holes, 81, in the flanges, 10, are provided for the purpose of receiving bolts for securing the base, A, to the gratos of a furnace.

Some changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of the parts of my invention without departing from the real spirit and purpose of my invention, and it is my intention to cover' by my claims any modied forms of structure or use of mechanical equivalents which may be reasonably included within their scope.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an oil burner, an air chamber base, a bowl thereon, the bowl having an oil discharge opening in the center thereof, an air Hue having a downwardly-.opening air discharge opening directed to the center of the bowl .and adapted to create a spreading flame proceeding from the center of the bowl outwardly and upwardly, an overflow pipe communicating with the bowl near the edge thereof, and a hood covering the mouth of said overflow pipe, said hood comprising a web formed integrally with the bowl, having a side disposed between the overflow pipe mouth and the center of the bowl, said side being inclined upwardly and outwardly whereby solid particles impinging against said inclined side will be deflected upwardly `and outwardly.

2. In an oil burner, an air chamber base, a bowl thereon, the bowl having an oil discharge opening in the center thereof, an air flue having a downwardly-opening air discharge opening directed to the center of the bowl and adapted to create a spreading Hame proceeding from the center of the bowl outwardly and upwardly, an overflow pipe communicating with the bowl near the edge thereof, and a hood covering the mouth of said overflow pipe, said hood comprising an upwardly and outwardly inclined side formed integrally with the bowl and disposed between the center of the bowl and the overflow pipe mouth, and a web connecting the upper end of said side with the edge of the bowl, whereby solid particles impinging against said inclined side will be deflected upwardly and outwardly.

3. In an oil burner, an air chamber base comprising two semi-cylindrical halves each having side walls and inwardly projecting annular shoulders, means for closely joining the halves together to form a ring shaped continuous flange of said shoulders, a bowl received in the opening defined by said Hange and having an annular rim resting thereon, said bowl having opposed air orifices, triangular in shape, and with diametrically opposed apexes, shoulders formed in the bowl around said orifices, upstanding flanges bordering said shoulders on the sides of the orifices adjacent the apeXes thereof, and an air flue having triangular shaped ends adapted to restvonv the last mentioned shoulders, the flanges serving to position the air flue but to allow eXpansion thereof outwardly.

4. In an oil burner, an air chamber base comprising two semi-cylindrical halves each having side walls and inwardly projecting .annular shoulders, flanges on one end of each side and shoulder positioned to register with the interior faces of the opposite ends of the side and shoulder of the other half, screw bolts connecting the sides and shoulders to the coacting flanges so as to form a ring shaped continuous Hange of said shoulders, a bowl received in the opening defined by said ring-shaped flange and having an annular rim resting thereon, `and an air Hue on said bowl, communicating with the interior of the air chamber base through said bowl, and having a downwardly directed discharge opening centered over the bowl.

5. In an oil burner, an air chamber base comprising two semi-cylindrical halves each having side walls ,and inwardly projecting annular shoulders, means for closely joining the halves together to form a ring shaped continuous flange of said shoulders, a bowl received in the opening defined by said flange and having an annular-rim resting thereon, said rim having a channel in its under surface of reater width than the rim, packing materia engaged between said channel and the ring shaped flange of the base, and an air flue on said bowl, communicating with the interior of the air chamber base through said bowl, and having a downwardly directed discharge opening centered over the bowl.

6. In an oil burner, an air chamber base comprising two semi-cylindrical halves each having side walls and inwardly projecting annular shoulders, means vfor closely joining the halves together to form a ring shaped continuous flange of said shoulders, a bowl received in the opening defined by said flange and having an annular rim resting thereon, said bowl having opposed air orifices, triangular in shape, and with diametrically opposed apexes, shoulders formed in the bowl around said orifices,4 upstanding flanges bordering said shoulders on the sides of the orifices `adjacent the apeXes thereof, said rim having a channel in its under surface of greater width than the rim between said orifices, and resting flat against the ring shaped flange within the limits of said orifices, packing material engaged between said channel and the ring shaped flange of the base, and an air Hue having triangular shaped ends adaptedy to rest on the last mentioned shoulders, the flanges serving to position the air Hue but to allow expansion thereof outwardly.

Signed at Sioux City, in the county of Woodbury and State of Iowa, this` 30th day of Sept., 1924.

ELIAS RIZK. 

